Introduction to Git

History

• Initially written by Linus Thorvalds in 2005
• Some of the goals of the new system was:
  • Speed
  • Simple Design
  • Strong support for non-linear development (branching)
  • Fully distributed
  • Able to handle large projects like the Linux kernel efficiently

Good practices

Merge Before New Changes

Commit Related Changes

Commit Often

Don't Commit Half-Done Work

Test Before You Commit

Use Branches

Agree on a Workflow

Common commands

• git init: Initialize a new git repository.
• git status: Shows the status of the local workspace.
• git add: Add changes to the index.
• git commit -m: Commit local changes.
• git clone: Make a local copy of a git repository.
• git pull: Pull changes from remote repository.
• git push: Push changes to remote repository.

Other useful commands

• git fetch: Fetch changes from remote repository.
• git diff: View the differences between workspace and index.
• git checkout [-b]: Switches to a new branch or creates a branch (-b).
• git rm: Remove file from workspace and index.
• git mv: Move file in the workspace and index.
• git reset [--hard]: Reset local workspace and repository to match the remote.
• git add -p (--patch): Cherry pick changes to add.

Distributed version control

Centralized version control

Distributed version control